• Intermittent or alternate day fasting mimics the process of calorie restriction, which has been shown to be the most robust anti-aging treatment known to date. This is where some discipline comes into play, since if you feel the need to eat every three hours, you can't fast and you will not have available the option of fasting in order to intervene in the aging process. Certain well-known, safe, and cheap chemical compounds can mimic the effects of calorie restriction and fasting, compounds such as resveratrol and curcumin.

• Most health-conscious people are likely to encounter three main forms of hormesis in their everyday life: exercise, dietary phytochemicals, and fasting.

• Anyone planning to live a long time must add exercise to his or her regimen in order to have a healthy old age.

• Other compounds that induce autophagy are nicotinamide (a form of vitamin B3), resveratrol, curcumin, and EGCG, a compound abundant in green tea and probably responsible for most of its health benefits.

• Finally, combine intermittent fasting, weight training, and protein feeding into a cyclical schedule, such that the natural diurnal rhythms of breakdown and renewal are reinforced. Fast for a period of time to clear cellular junk through autophagy, then train with weights (or do other forms of intense exercise) and eat sufficient protein to renew body tissues.